Fish-car.



@gli

WIT ESSE C. E. BARBA.

FISH CAR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3I, I9II.

Patented Oct. 12, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET I.

O o o o o o (Y) o o 0 I D o O o O O O o o 0 O O o O O o o 0 O O 0 O o O N o o o O o (\l Q O o o o O 0 o 0 O O O O O Q3 m Q3 \O We/22237@ C/Yarsflara a. 7%5 .Al/army C. E. BARBA.

FlsH'cAR. APPLICATION FILED 1AN.31,19H.

1,156,515. Patented 0111.121915.

C. E. BARBA.

FISH CAR,

APPLlcATloN HLED 1m31. 1911.

Patented Oct. 12, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WYTNE SES coLlIMnm vLmouml-H cu,.w\sHlNaToN. D. C.

C. E. BARBA.

FISH CAR.

APPLICATloN men 1,111.31. 1911.

WITNESS coLuMalA PLANDCIRAPH C0.. WASHINGTON. D. c

Patented Oct. 12, `1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

l i l l l l i l .//16 Allomey l s l l l [i Il 1l ll I! l1 l1 l1 |1 l il l Il |I C. E. BARBA.v

FISH CAR.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 3l. I9II.

1,156,515, Patented Oct. 12, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WTNE SES NI/ENTOR COLUMBIA PLANQGRAPH C0., WASHINGTON, D i:A

C. E. BARBA.

FlSH CAR.

APPLICATION r1LED 11111.31. 1911.

Patented Oct. 12, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WITNE SES C. E. BARBA.

FISH CAR.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.3I. I9II. 1,156,515. 'Patented 0015.121915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Wi/Me@ I.: I;

Immun pLANoaRM-H Co..w^smNGToN. D. I,

" CHARLES E. .nnnisaygosamcoita 'rniiiisvnvania ff 'frisiisciin.

To all wtom't may concern: y

1 'Be it known that-l, `CHARLES E. BARBA, a. citizen of the kUnited States, residing at Altoona, in the county ofV Blair ,and State of `lennsylvania,.have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fish-Cars, of

which the following isa specification.

rlhe present invention relates; to railway cars of acombined express and refrigerator type, wherein special facilities are installed for the purpose kof transporting live fish, and the primary objectofthe invention is the provision of a cark or vehicle of rthis character which embodies novel/features yof" construction whereby `fish may be main-` tained in a healthy condition duringbtralns-j portation, therebyy .enabling transportation companies toy deliver live `fish to inland` .points with safety and despatch.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a railway cai' or similar vehicle constructed with fish tanks and equipped.

with novel meansfor producing a constant circulation of pure water Lthrough* the same.`

rihe invention yfurther contemplates a novel means for aerating. water inthe fish tanks whereby' the oxygenofthe water is ture during transportation. f Y

With these Land many other objects inrk view, which will ymore kreadily appear as the nature of the invention isbetter underf stood, the same consists ,inthe novel con-i struction, combination, and arrangements ofthe parts khereinafter more fullywde-`r scribed, illustrated, and claimed.` f.

The essentialfeatures of the invention-involved, in carrying out the objects` above specified are necessarily susceptible;y to y,a wide range of structural modification, but, a

preferredembodiment of the invention 4is- `shown. in the accompanying drawings. in whichzf- .t v n Figure 1 is a top planview oftheint'erior of one `halfof va car e'quippedfwith `means for transporting live fish and constructed in kaccordance with the invention. Fig. J2 is a similar view vof ythe opposite halfy of the 1 car, portions being broken away and shown1 in section. Fig. 3 is anelevationalvifew of that portion of the device'illustrated inplan' 4view on Fig. 1 of the drawings. Figli is i i similar view throughthat portion yof the der.,

d spairan-i011 of Lean-s raient; @mamma @an i2, i915,

AppiireationnieaJanuaiysi,1911...,seriain0;605,828., i Y` y i vice illustrated in plan view by Fig. Qof

vertical'sectional view of one of the water filters.y Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of the system for aerating the water in the fish tanks.k Fig. l0 is a diagrammatic viewof the water circulating system, and Fig. 1l Vis a diagrammatic view of the refrigerating system.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the` following description and indiY vaA cated in all the views of the drawings by` the same reference characters..

ln constructing la car or similar vehicle for the transportation of vlive fish, therear three essential requirements `which must be fullledv: first, a constant circulation of pure Y j i water through the fish tanks; second, means forl aerating the .water whereby the fishfare supplied withthe necessary oxygen during transportation; and third, means for mainthe fish'tanks, the said temperature to be about kten degrees lower than that of the waff ter from. `which the fish were originally taken. f ln order to answer all of these re quirements, the lpresent invention embodies Ataining a moderately low temperature'y in anaeratingsystem, a water circulating sys# n' tem, anda refrigeration system, which will be hereinafter describedin 'due' order. Y

Referring to the drawings, the numeral l vided at eachcnd thereof with a series of "compartments 2 within vwhich the fish ytanks 4reservoirs l and `5 are'arranged upon opposite sides'fof the car l at substantially'the middleyportionrk thereof, a water lter` 6 l beinglocated upon rone sideV of each of the: air reservoirs, while similarly constructed refrigerators 7 and Sarelocated uponthe oppositel side of the respective air reser-r voirs.k The fish tank compartments lare.

ele

designates a car which maybe of any conf, l ventional construction and is shown as pro-w formed with walls' constructed in some apl proved manner sogas` to ybe non-conductors of heat, and. the sh tanks?) restupon the blocks Q-so as to begspaced 4from thewallsy f l of the compartments both atl'thebottom,VA

sides, andtop thereof. The topof the com partments 2 are provided *With the reinov' able covers 2a, and the y-iish tanks are also structed .so as to benon-conductorszof heat,y and yice may be taken out of the same through suitable doors 11 provided Vfor thatv closedlat the top thereof by removable coversV 3a, `the said covers being` noi'niallyrheld securely in position by some suitable fastenf ing means. lt vvill'also beobsejrvsd that` the openingin the top of each of thefish tanks' is'surrounded by anupvvardly curved flange- 10 which serves to prevent the overflow and escapeof Water Whichinay be displaced When placing fiish in the. tank, and alsoy serves to return 'into the tank any -vvat'er` vvhich'may be splashed out of" the sameby thesurging of the car When in motion. The

Walls of the refrigerators Will alsol be conpurpose.

Having thus ydescribed the general arrangement of .the car7 l will new proceed to describe inA detaily the system provided for aerating thevvater: in the fish tanks whereby the oxygen is renewed as fast as it is exhausted from the Watern by the fish.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 9; of thedrawing, air from the train line enters'the air storageV reservoir at the bottom thereof and passes out Vat the-top through the pipe 12 Which leads it to'theptop of the reservoir 5 at theA opposite side ofI the car. Fromthe bottom offthe reservoir 5, the air'enters a pipe 14- Vwhich leads it to a regulating val'vel atene side ofthe refrigerator 8, the said valve being preferably set at forty-live pounds air` pressure.' After leaving this valve 15, the

air passes through a pipe 16' which communigcatesv With a coil 18 of the refrigerator. After circulating through this coilE 18, the

air is conveyed Vthrough a pipe 2li' tov a simil' lar coil 22 in the opposite-refrigerator 7.

From this coil 22', the air which has been thoroughly cooled' by circulating throughr the tvvo refrigerators isv conveyed by a pipel 24 to'an air strainery which is sho-Wn as.

located at the top ofthe refrigerator 7` and which serves to separate 'any foreign par' ticles that may enterv the system with the air received from the train line. rllhe cold"YA air upon: leaving the strainerV passes in either direction through air regulators'v26`-, the said@y air `regulators being'preferably set at about atvvo pound pressure, so that all of the air used throughout the systemy is kvreduced to this pressure. From the regulators 26, the air circulates through the-A pipes 27 Which terminate in ltheA branches 28 and`29 extend'- 1 pipes 32l lextendingvertically do'Wiivv"arolf-V onthe exterior of each of the fishy tanks. The

lower veiidy of each of these vertical pipes32 f communicates Vwith afhorizontal pipe 33 which extends-into the fish tank and con- Y EachV nects` With the pipe 'lltsee Fig. 5). A of the pipes is providedat the bottom of the" respective Vfish tank` with branch pipes 35" vwhich"terminate inV the nl' n members 36' in to the openings of which bass Woodblocks` 37V arevr secured, .the airrbeing designed to?. percolate 'through these; bass Wood blocks soy as to aerate the ivaterand replace the oxygen that has been taken up by thelish. The means for 'producing` a constantY circulation of pure `Water through the fish Vtanks will now* be described, and it may be mentioned that for the purpose of filling the ish tanks, a vertical pipe `hasV been pro# vided upon one side of the car, the said pipe extending through the roof of the carwhere the upper end thereofV is normally closed by Y some suitablevalve-inemberll.- When fill-"f ing the tanks, vthis valveffl-l is opened and the end of' a hose introducedinto the pipe'e.

The Water is conveyed-.through a horizontal pipe ist Which communicates Vat one end thereof With the pipe/e3 to the main Water pipe 45 which extends longitudinally of the car at the middle portion thereof, the end portions of the said pipe l5 communicating y,with the lateral branches 45a' and thevvertical pipes 'avhich extend upwardly at the exterior of the irish tanks and communicate through the short horizontal pipes 46a vvith the interior ofthe fish tanks kat a point ltovvard the top thereof. An Vinjector lis locatedat the junction of each of the vertical Vpipes i6 and horizontal branches 45a,

the said injectors uponeach side of' the car' receiving air from pipes 47'.u and serving to force the Water upwardly through the pipes 46 into the iishftanl'rs so aste producefa continual circulation of Water through the said tanks. Y.; The pipesgWa for supplying air to' the injectors areshown as communicating with thebranch pipes 28 rand 29of-the aeratV ing system throughthe verticalpip'es 47h. The intermediate portion ofthe main Water pipe-L5 rommunicates through the laterally extending pipes 48 Vvvithtliebottoi'n".of theV Water filters 6 Vo'n opposite sides of the car.v

The upper portions of" these Water filters 6 communicate atopposite sidesv'thereof with pipes 39 which extend toward bothends of Ythe car andare arranged under the Vvfish tanks, the said pipes commimicating with the bottom of the fish tanks through the fupivardflyextending branches 'Valves 7()- control the' outflow of' Waterfrom the fish tanksutlirough these pipes 39a, the rsaid valves, being operatively connected with valvestems' 7l Whicl'i'extendupivardly to2 the top of the tanks so as tol be accessible from the exterior thereof. are normally open, and itlvvill'thus be vob- These valves 70y vious that when water isintroduced into the illing pipe 43 both the fishy tanks andv the water filters will be filled. with water, the normal depth of the water being preferably about four inches above the inletsof the filters. The injectors L1-17 `operate to forcev water into `the lishtanks through the inlety pipes :le inde@ and to draw water through the pipes #l5 andl i8 from the filtered, and

as water is forced into the ifishtanks, a cor' which isY shown an enlarged sectional viewy through one of the injectors, it will be ob# served that these injectors consist essentially of a plurality of nozzles 49 locatedwithin a bowl 50 and receiving air from an air nozzle 5l, the flow of air through the said' nozzle being controlled by a needle valve 53 and air being supplid to the nozzle through an elbow 57 which, as has been previously mentioned, is placed in connection with the air pipes of the aei'ating system.y rlhe stein of the needle valve is threaded so as to be readily adjusted toregulate the flow ofair through the air nozzle 5l, and as the jet of air is forced through the nozzles 49, it operates in a well known manner to draw` water through the branch ,pipe 45e and force it upwardly through the feed pipe 46.

The water lilter which has been designated in its entirety by the numeral 6, and of which an enlarged sectional View is shown in Fig. 8, is formed with an outer casing 62 within which is mounted an inner casing 60, the upper end of thek inner casing being formed with a dished Bange 6l which serves the double function of holding the inner casing spaced frointhe outer casing and also of causing the return into the inner casing of any water which may be thrown up from the saine by the jolting of the car. vThe top of the outer casing 62 is closed by a remoy able cover 58 which has aisuitable handle 59 applied thereto the purpose of lifting the same when necessary. A basket shaped receptacle 60@ is applied tothe lower end y of the inner casing GO and provided with a n plurality of layers of wire screens 60h hayiiig diiferent meshes, the coarser meshes being at the top, while at the bottom is preferably placed a fabric similar to cheese cloth. Below this fabric there is preferably provided a quantity of charcoal or similar material-60", the filtration of the water be ing as perfect as the available. space will permit. The water which is received lfrom' the fish tanks and carried to theliilter by the pipes 39 enters the inner casing GG through the sleeves 40, and after passing through the ltration material, collects in the pipe, e8, 'and thence into the inain water pipe a5, as yhas been previously described. `To provide for the ymoderately low teinperature of both the air and water, there is installed a complete system of refrigerai-l` tion, which includes the main ice chests 'or refrigerators r7 and 8 which have been previously i'nentioiied.` The cold air isV drawn rfrom the bottoni of the refrigerators through. the.' pipes 6G and enters the bottom ofthe lish tank compartments 2 throughqthe Y This cold air.` circulates freely in tlc space provided between the eX- branch pipes 68.

terior of the Viish tanks@v and the compartments within which theyrare located, and as the air becomes heated, it rises within the compartments and leaves the saine at the top thereof through the air return pipes69.

rlhese return pipes ,L69 carry'the air back 4the -bottoinli of the outer casingffroni; y which itvpasses through the opening 38 'intop to thetop of the refrigerators where it is 1 again brought into contact with theice and descends within the refrigerators asV the" temperature thereof is lowered until it again enters the pipe. The air is thereby kept in a constant circulation and the fish tanks maintained at the desired low temperature. The refrigerators also serve, as has been previously describedpto cool the air which is introduced into the water of the fish tanks for aerating the same. Y

To provide for thesh that may die while en route, there is installed an insulated-receptacle or box Z3 wherein ice andfish are packed together, the fish being thereby transported in a perfectly sanitary condition. lilith the construction above described, it is apparent that the water withiny the fishl tanks will be constantly aerated so as to replenish. oxygen as fast asit is exhausted by the fish, and that a continual circulation of the water will be produced, the water beingV Y filtered so as to remove all impurities there-y from as it circulates through the system. Means have also been provided for maintaining the necessary low temperature in the iisli tanks for keeping the iish in perfect condition while being transported. Particular attention isr directed to the fact that no eX- terior source of power such as a-inotorcr engine isrequired, the necessary circulation of the water being produced by injectors suoli as can be operated by the air pressure .received from the train pipe. W

For 'the purpose of withdrawingthe water from the fish tanks and water circulating system, ythe extremity of each of the main water pipesnl communicates with a shortV drain pipe 74V which extends downwardly through the floor ofthe car, communication iio between 'the water pipe and drain pipe'being.v f

, controlled a suitable valve In a soinewhat similar manner, a drain pipe 'Y6/is provided ink each yof the water return pipes 39,7t11e said drain pipes 'being shownA .as located near --gtne Water ilter and controlled by the 'Valve T7. It will thus loe* obvious that` by opening the Valves `75 and 77, the Water vvilldrainnthrough the bottoni of thev carA and'einpty the tanks5 Water filters, and Water circulating pipes.

l/Vithout further descriptionand elalina-V I v tion it isthouglit that the many advantages of this improved type of sh car will be In acar orvtransporting'live shtincluding aiejli tank, an aerating system including a supply connection Witli the train supply pipe and having, a discharge connection` for the bottoni of the tank, a Water circulating system for the tank including an injector arranged` to dischargepurified VWater into the trop.V portionfof the tank7 and rneans for supplying air to theinjlector from tlie train supply pipe.

Yin testimony whereof l hereunto atlix my A signature 1n the presence of two Witnesses.

Y CHARLES E.V BARBA.

' Witnesses: Y 1 v N. E'. Gm, K J. F. MEOK.

Copies'of this patentvmaylie' obtainedl forive` cents each', by addressing the V Commisroner oft Fatents,

'- Y Y Washington, D. GL 

